TikZ / svg.path: Wie kann ich svg Code in tikzpictures direkt verwenden?

Question

Bei wikipedia werden oft die svg-Codes zu gezeichneten Bildern angegeben:

Kann ich diesen Code irgendwie direkt mit TikZ verarbeiten?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1000" height="600" viewBox="0 0 5 3">
<desc>Flag of Germany</desc>
<rect id="black_stripe" width="5" height="3" y="0" x="0" fill="#000"/>
<rect id="red_stripe" width="5" height="2" y="1" x="0" fill="#D00"/>
<rect id="gold_stripe" width="5" height="1" y="2" x="0" fill="#FFCE00"/>
</svg>

Öffne in Overleaf

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepgflibrary{svg.path}

\begin{document}
IST:    \begin{verbatim}
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
    <!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1000" height="600" viewBox="0 0 5 3">
    <desc>Flag of Germany</desc>
    <rect id="black_stripe" width="5" height="3" y="0" x="0" fill="#000"/>
    <rect id="red_stripe" width="5" height="2" y="1" x="0" fill="#D00"/>
    <rect id="gold_stripe" width="5" height="1" y="2" x="0" fill="#FFCE00"/>
    </svg>
\end{verbatim}

SOLL: ???
\begin{pgfpicture}
\pgfpathsvg{
M 0 0 l 20 0 0 20 -20 0 q 10 0 10 10
}
\pgfusepath{stroke}
\end{pgfpicture}

\end{document}

Accepted Answer

Zunächst installiert man sich den SVG Optimizer:

Öffne in Overleaf

npm install svgo

Dann führt man ihn aus mit der SVG-Datei als Eingabe (überschreibt die Eingabe):

Öffne in Overleaf

nodejs /path/to/svgo-module/bin/svgo flag.svg

Das resultierende SVG hat dann die Pfade, die TikZ versteht:

Öffne in Overleaf

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1000" height="600" viewBox="0 0 5 3"><path d="M0 0h5v3H0z"/><path fill="#D00" d="M0 1h5v2H0z"/><path fill="#FFCE00" d="M0 2h5v1H0z"/></svg>

MWE:

Öffne in Overleaf

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepgflibrary{svg.path}

\definecolor{rot}{HTML}{DD0000}
\definecolor{gold}{HTML}{FFCE00}

\begin{document}

\begin{pgfpicture}
  \pgftransformscale{-1} % Warum auch immer?
  \pgfpathsvg{M0 0h5v3H0z}
  \pgfusepath{fill}
  \pgfsetcolor{rot}
  \pgfpathsvg{M0 1h5v2H0z}
  \pgfusepath{fill}
  \pgfsetcolor{gold}
  \pgfpathsvg{M0 2h5v1H0z}
  \pgfusepath{fill}
\end{pgfpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 2

Alternativ kann man mit der FFI von LuaTeX ≥ 1.0.3 oder LuaJITTeX und pplib das SVG direkt mit Cairo und RSVG2 rendern, siehe meine Antwort auf TeX.SX https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/408014

lualatex --shell-escape test.tex
# oder
luajittex --fmt=luajitlatex --shell-escape test.tex

MWE:

Öffne in Overleaf

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{luacode}

\begin{luacode}
local ffi = require("ffi")

ffi.cdef[[
// Types
typedef void FILE;
typedef void GError;
typedef void RsvgHandle;
typedef void cairo_surface_t;
typedef void cairo_t;
typedef int(*cairo_write_func_t)(void *, const unsigned char *, unsigned int);

typedef struct {
    int width;
    int height;
    double em;
    double ex;
} RsvgDimensionData;

// Conversion functions
RsvgHandle * rsvg_handle_new_from_file(const char *, GError **);
void rsvg_set_default_dpi_x_y(double, double);
int rsvg_handle_get_dimensions(RsvgHandle *, RsvgDimensionData *);
cairo_surface_t * cairo_pdf_surface_create_for_stream(cairo_write_func_t, FILE *, double, double);
cairo_t * cairo_create(cairo_surface_t *);
void cairo_scale(cairo_t *, double, double);
int rsvg_handle_render_cairo(RsvgHandle *, cairo_t *);

// Cleanup functions
void cairo_destroy(cairo_t *);
void cairo_surface_destroy(cairo_surface_t *);
void g_object_unref(void *);
]]

local lcairo = ffi.load("cairo")
local lrsvg = ffi.load("rsvg-2")

function svg_to_pdf(params, filename)
    -- Open input file
    local err = ffi.new("GError**", nil)
    local rsvg = lrsvg.rsvg_handle_new_from_file(filename, err)

    -- Get size of image
    local dimensions = ffi.new("RsvgDimensionData[1]")
    lrsvg.rsvg_handle_get_dimensions(rsvg, dimensions)

    local width = params.scale * dimensions[0].width
    local height = params.scale * dimensions[0].height

    -- Open cairo PDF canvas of same size and associate callback function
    local output = ""
    function rsvg_cairo_write_func(_, data, length)
       output = output .. ffi.string(data, length)
       return 0 -- CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS
    end
    local surface = lcairo.cairo_pdf_surface_create_for_stream(
       rsvg_cairo_write_func, nil, width, height);

    -- Render SVG on the canvas
    local cr = lcairo.cairo_create(surface)
    lcairo.cairo_scale(cr, params.scale, params.scale);
    lrsvg.rsvg_handle_render_cairo(rsvg, cr)

    -- Clean up
    if (cr ~= nil) then lcairo.cairo_destroy(cr) end
    if (surface ~= nil) then lcairo.cairo_surface_destroy(surface) end
    if (rsvg ~= nil) then lrsvg.g_object_unref(rsvg) end
    if (err ~= nil) then lrsvg.g_object_unref(err) end

    return output
end
\end{luacode}

\newcommand\includesvg[2][scale=1]{%
  \leavevmode
  \luaexec{
    local stream = svg_to_pdf({#1},[[#2]])
    local identifier
    if status.luatex_version < 108 then
        _, identifier = epdf.openMemStream(stream,\#stream,[[#2]])
    else
        identifier = pdfe.new(stream,\#stream,[[#2]])
    end
    node.write(img.node { filename = identifier })
  }%
}

\begin{document}

\includesvg[scale=.3]{flag.svg}

\end{document}

TikZ / svg.path: Wie kann ich svg Code in tikzpictures direkt verwenden?

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