\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[siunitx,european,fetbodydiode,smartlabels]{circuitikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure} % Generalized diagram of different components inside an AC drive with voltage intermediate circuit % Based on a template by % Author: Erno Pentzin (2013), http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/ac-drive-components/
% Based on a template by Erno Pentzin (2013), http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/ac-drive-components/; based on suggestions from tex.stackexchange, https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/395535/some-help-with-connections-and-voltage-arrow-in-circuitikz#395561
\begin{circuitikz}[lbl/.style = {label={[label distance=4mm]above right:#1}}] % this line defines a new style to alter the distance of labels, mosfets due to diode and transformer label
\draw
% top part of switch legs
(0,0) coordinate (s1)
to ++ (0,-0.4)
%node (mosfet1) [nigfete,below,anchor=D] {$Q_1$} % old, label distance incorrect
node (mosfet1) [nigfete,below,anchor=D,lbl=$Q_1$] {} % new, label distance ok
(mosfet1) node (mosfet3) [nigfete,right=10mm,lbl=$Q_3$] {} % This is the only variable that needs to be changed to adjust the distance from Q1/Q2 to Q3/Q4
(mosfet1.S) to [short,current/distance =
0.1,i=$i_{L_{Q_1}}$,-*] ++ (0,-0.4) coordinate (t1)
% transformer
(t1 -| mosfet3.S) coordinate (hilf1) % Connect Q1 with Q3S which is electrically wrong, but easier to draw
node (T) [transformer core,below right=0mm and 17mm]{} % This is the only variable that needs to be changed to adjust the distance from Transformer T from node t1 (underneath Q1)
(T.base) node[label=above:$N_1\quad N_2$]{}
node[circ] (E) at ($(T.A1)+(0.35,-0.35)$) {} % Wicklungssinn T
node[circ] (F) at ($(T.B1)+(-0.35,-0.35)$) {} % Wicklungssinn T
% bottom part of switch legs
(mosfet3.S |- T.A2) coordinate (t2) % likewise counter intuitive
to ++ (0,-0.4)
node (mosfet4) [nigfete,below,anchor=D,lbl=$Q_4$] {}
(t1 |- mosfet4.D) node (mosfet2) [nigfete,below,anchor=D,lbl=$Q_2$] {}
% connection lines origins at transformer
%(T.A1) to (t1) % old, replaced by short b/c current arrows, see below
(t1) to [short,current/distance = 1,i=$i_1$] (T.A1)
(T.A2) to [short,-*] (t2)
(T.B1) to [short] ++ (0.5,0) coordinate (t3)
(T.B2) to [short] ++ (0.5,0) coordinate (t4)
-1: Beispiel ist weit entfernt von minimal. Siehe Minimalbeispiel.
+1: Übersetzbar, mit Angabe von Quelle und Autor, und insbesondere bei Grafiken mag ich vollständige Bilder. Ich hab das Bild mal eingefügt.
Keine Ahnung, wie ich das weiter "minimalisieren" soll. Ich möchte doch Q3 und Q4 durch andere Bauteile ersetzen. Und das ist meine Ausgangslage. Es würde ja schon reichen, wenn ihr mir sagen könntent, wie man das bewerkstelligen könnte.